Common Postural Patterns

Postural Analysis

Posture is rarely a local problem. A deviation at the ankle can ripple all the way to the head, with each segment compensating for the one below it. Understanding your postural pattern tells you which muscles to lengthen and which to strengthen.

1

Identify the pattern

Four postural archtypes

Each archtype is named for its dominant characteristic. Neutral is the reference point everything else is measured against.

Neutral

The ideal alignment for absorbing shock and transferring force efficiently throughout the body.

Kyphotic-Lordotic

An anterior pelvic tilt and rounding of the shoulders create excessive curves in the spine. Common in desk workers.

Sway Back

A posterior pelvic tilt and forward pelvic displacement. Common in people who stand for long periods, such as waiters.

Military

An anterior pelvic tilt creating imbalances in the lower body, but a mostly neutral spine. Common in military personnel.

Flat Back

A posterior pelvic tilt and generally flat spine driven by strong hamstrings and abdominals, creating suboptimal force transfer and shock absorption. Common in athletes who tend to tuck their pelvis.

2

Assess the findings

What to look for, segment by segment

The pelvis is usually where the story begins and it impacts everything above and below it.

Assessment order — A King Helps People Learn To Cry So Hush!

Ankle
·
Knee
·
Hip
·
Pelvis
·
Lumbar
·
Thoracic
·
Cervical
·
Scapulae
·
Head
Neutral
Kyphotic-Lordotic
Sway Back
Military
Flat Back
Ankle
Neutral
Plantarflexedslightly
Neutral
Plantarflexedslightly
Plantarflexedslightly
Knee
Neutral
Extendedslightly
Extended
Extendedslightly
Extended
Hip
Neutral
Flexed
Extended
Flexed
Extended
Pelvis
Neutral
Anterior tilt
Posterior tilt+ anterior displacement
Anterior tilt
Posterior tilt
Lumbar Curve
Normal lordosis
Excessive
Flat
Excessive
Flat
Thoracic Curve
Normal kyphosis
Excessive
Excessive+ posterior displacement
Normal kyphosis
Flat
Cervical Curve
Normal lordosis
Excessive
Excessiveslightly
Normal lordosis
Excessiveslightly
Scapulae
Neutral
Protracted
Neutral
Neutral
Neutral
Head
Neutral
Forward
Forward
Neutral
Forward
Neutral
Extended
Flexed
Anterior Tilt
Posterior Tilt
Excessive Curve
Flat Curve
Forward head
3

Understand the muscles

Muscle imbalances by postural type

Each postural pattern has associated muscle imbalances. Short muscles have adaptively tightened and long muscles have been pulled beyond their optimal resting length.

Kyphotic-Lordotic

Short

  • Hip flexors
  • Lower back
  • Neck extensors

Long

  • Hamstrings
  • Upper back
  • External obliques
  • Neck flexors
Sway Back

Short

  • Hamstrings
  • Internal obliques
  • Lower back

Long

  • Hip flexors
  • External obliques
  • Upper back
  • Neck flexors
Military

Short

  • Hip flexors
  • Lower back

Long

  • Hamstrings
  • Abdominals
Flat Back

Short

  • Hamstrings

Long

  • Hip flexors

What this means for your practice

Short muscles are candidates for lengthening work through eccentric movements to help increase their capacity and full range. Long muscles need the concentric exercises that restore their ability to generate tension at their natural resting length. A well-designed Pilates session addresses both simultaneously, which is why understanding your posture matters before you begin.